دور الأمــــم المتحدة في استقلال ليبيا

Abstract

The Second World War ended with the triumph of the Western European powers, led by the United States of America, over the powers of the Nazi-fascist axis. Following the war, the foreign ministers' meetings of major States commenced and the ensuing political consultations and manoeuvres between these countries aimed at dominating and controlling vital regions along the southern Mediterranean coast, and to address these conflicts emerged between the competing nations, each striving for a foothold in theses strategic locations, seeking to obstruct any attempts to access these crucial locations. As a distribution point for wartime spoils, Britain administered the regions of Cyrenaica and Tripolitania in 1943, while France administered the Fezzan region, located in the far southwestern of Libya bordering the three French colonies of Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco. Naturally, France endeavoured to incorporate this territory into its former African colonies. Concurrently, Britain maintained control over Cyrenaica and Tripolitania to secure its major colony in Egypt, viewing these regions as strategic compensations in the Mediterranean should it need to relinquish its base in Suez, which held significant strategic importance. The era of French and British administration did not prove superior to that of Italian colonialism. Consequently, Libyan political parties sought to present their case on international forums in pursuit of independence, a response prompted by the dismal failure of all internal national movements, which ultimately led to the issue of Libya being brought before the United Nations.