حروب دولة سبأ مع ممالك (معين – ريدان – قتبان)

Abstract

The wars between the state of Saba and the kingdoms of Ma'in, Raydan and Qataban in southern Arabia were largely based on common commercial interests, as both states sought to control the main trade routes. Despite economic competition, their relationship was punctuated by periods of alliances to ensure the continuity of commercial profits. Saba sometimes sought to expand its influence at the expense of neighboring kingdoms, which led to some limited tensions and conflicts. However, the kingdoms maintained their independence and influence in regional trade. Over time, each of the kingdoms faced challenges from rising powers that led to political and regional transformations in the region.