الإطالة في تركيب الجملة ــ دراسة نحويّة دلالية تحليلية من خلال نماذج مختارة من ديوان الحارث بن حلزة ومن شعر بكر في حرب البسوس

Abstract

This study is entitled "Prolongation in Sentence Structure: A Grammatical and Semantic Study Through Selected Examples from the Diwan of AlHarith ibn Halza and from Bakr's Poetry on the Basus War". Prolongation is a grammatical and semantic phenomenon that contributes to expanding and emphasizing meaning. The study is structured to discuss a number of themes, relying on a descriptive and analytical approach. It examines the manifestations of prolongation in basic sentence structures, such as: (subject, predicate, and "doer", and in derived nouns such as the verbal noun, active participle, passive participle, exaggerated forms, and adjectives). It then identifies the manifestations of prolongation and analyzes its functions in interpreted verbal nouns and relative pronouns, as well as non-established elements such as restriction, subordination, plurality, and sequence . The study reached a set of results, the most important of which are: that the use of extension contributed to confirming the meaning of the sentence through multiple grammatical elements that provided breadth and coherence between the structures in the sentence. Extension was a means of emphasis and specification and contributed to highlighting scenes of war and strengthening the meanings of pride and satire, thus creating a close cohesion between grammar and semantics in the ancient poetic text. It confirmed that studying grammatical phenomena in their artistic contexts enriches the deep understanding of the language of Arabic poetry and enhances its expressive functions.